Winter feeding of elk During my 22 years working at the National Elk Refuge (NER) in Wyoming, I and others dreaded the day that chronic wasting disease (CWD ) would reach the NER where 7,000 to 8,000 elk congregate each winter. The herd is supplementally fed alfalfa hay to support this number of elk which exceeds the habitat's carrrying capacity (available natural food resources). The crowding of elk at feedsites facilitates the transmission and maintenance of several

Over the years, Diana and I have noticed the steady decline of insects where we live in southwest Montana. Bees, butterflies, moths, beetles, and even flies (we don't get to pick and choose), are all far scarcer. Some of the more charismatic species, like butterflies, are finally receiving research attention. And the findings are truly discouraging. Researchers investigating the status of 114 species of butterflies in the United States found that populations are decl